Final answer:
An Agent is the person who acts on behalf of another, known as the principal, in contractual dealings with third parties. This role is distinct from that of a contractor, customer, or investor, each of which has different responsibilities.
Step-by-step explanation:
A person who acts for another person or entity (known as the principal) with regard to contractual arrangements with a third party is identified as an Agent. An agent takes actions on behalf of the principal with external parties, entering into contracts or agreements that are legally binding for the principal. It is important to distinguish this role from that of a contractor, customer, or investor, as each has a distinct function within business and legal contexts. To clarify, a Contractor is someone who agrees to provide services or goods in exchange for payment. A Customer is a person or organization that purchases products or services, and an Investor is an individual or entity that allocates capital with the expectation of receiving financial returns.