Final answer:
Continued overreaching without proper rest and adequate nutrition leads to overtraining syndrome, characterized by long-term fatigue, decreased performance, and higher injury risk.
Step-by-step explanation:
Continued overreaching without adequate rest/recovery and nutrient intake can lead to a multitude of negative health outcomes. In the context of physical activity, this concept is often linked with excessive training without allowing the body to adapt or recover, leading the individual into a state of overtraining syndrome. This condition may result in long-term fatigue, decreased performance, and an increased risk of injuries. Accompanying malnutrition—whether due to undernutrition or overnutrition—further exacerbates these issues. Undernutrition involves insufficient nutrient and energy intake, leading to fatigue, and decreased immune function, which may hinder recovery and elevate the risk of injuries. Overnutrition, on the other hand, involves excess nutrient and energy intake and is associated with obesity, which brings along its own set of health risks such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic syndrome.