Final answer:
The production of the parathyroid hormone inhibits osteoblast activity and stimulates osteoclasts, which release calcium into the blood, thereby increasing blood calcium levels and assisting in regulating calcium homeostasis.
Step-by-step explanation:
In calcium homeostasis, when the parathyroid hormone (PTH) is produced, it has an effect on the activity of both osteoblasts and osteoclasts. PTH inhibits osteoblast activity and stimulates osteoclasts. Osteoclasts are responsible for bone resorption, which releases calcium into the blood, thus increasing blood calcium levels. The role of osteoblasts, on the other hand, is to form new bone; however, when PTH is released due to low blood calcium levels, the activity of osteoblasts is diminished to favor the release of calcium from the bones.
Additionally, PTH plays a multifaceted role in managing calcium levels by promoting reabsorption of calcium in the kidneys and stimulating the synthesis of vitamin D in the kidneys, which in turn increases calcium absorption from digested food in the small intestine.