Final answer:
Judge Garfinkle would dismiss the charge against Chase if he was incompetent to stand trial or if there was a violation of civil rights such as lack of equal protection under the law.
Step-by-step explanation:
Based on the reference provided, Judge Garfinkle would dismiss the charge against Chase if it were found that he was incompetent to stand trial due to illness or insanity, or if there were a lack of equal protection under the law as part of his civil rights were violated. This conclusion can be paralleled to the cases mentioned, where it's evident that individuals must understand the charges and evidence against them; otherwise, the cases must be dismissed. Additionally, if a trial is not speedy, the accused individual might be unfairly incarcerated before being proven guilty.
In Chase's hypothetical situation, this might mean that evidence against him was not sufficiently clear or compelling, or that his trial was not conducted in a fair and swift manner. Without specifics on Chase’s circumstances, it can be assumed that Judge Garfinkle acted according to principles of legal fairness and protection of civil rights when dismissing the charge.