Final answer:
Constantinople, formerly Byzantium, became the site for Rome's new capital. This new capital, dedicated in 330 CE, represented the continuation of the Roman Empire's history and culture.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ancient city that became the site for Rome's new capital was Byzantium, which was later renamed to Constantinople. The new capital, formally dedicated in 330 CE by Emperor Constantine, was intended to be a continuation and culmination of Roman history and culture. Constantinople served as a central hub of the Roman Empire and was instrumental in the continuation of the empire's legacy, long after the decline of the city of Rome. The choice of Constantinople was strategic due to its positioning between Europe and Asia, acting as a bridge for trade, culture, and military endeavors. It also had natural defenses, being surrounded on three sides by water, which made it easier to defend against invasions.