Final answer:
The rapid application of a unilateral external fixator to temporarily stabilize a fracture and avoid the stress of a long surgery is called damage control orthopedics (DCO).
Step-by-step explanation:
The term used to describe the rapid application of a unilateral external fixator for the purpose of avoiding the biological stress of a lengthy operation and to allow for patient stabilization is known as damage control orthopedics (DCO). DCO is employed when immediate definitive fracture care might be detrimental to a patient due to their overall unstable condition, such as with multiple injuries. It provides a temporary solution to stabilize the fracture, reduce pain, and control bleeding, with definitive fracture treatment being delayed until the patient's condition improves.
In contrast, closed reduction is a non-surgical procedure wherein a broken bone is manually manipulated back into its natural position. On the other hand, open reduction involves surgical exposure of the fracture to reset the bone. Understanding these procedures is crucial in emergency medicine and orthopedics, as a fractured bone, like a diaphysis of the femur, can lead to severe complications such as the release of fat globules into the bloodstream, respiratory distress, and potentially death if not managed appropriately.