Final answer:
The four conditions required for deadlock to occur are mutual exclusion, hold and wait, no preemption, and circular wait.
Step-by-step explanation:
Deadlock refers to a situation in operating systems where two or more processes are unable to proceed because each is waiting for the other to release a resource. The conditions required for deadlock to occur are:
- Mutual Exclusion: At least one resource must be held in a non-sharable mode by a process and cannot be used by another process until it is released.
- Hold and Wait: A process must be holding at least one resource and waiting to acquire additional resources that are held by other processes.
- No Preemption: Resources cannot be forcibly taken away from a process that is currently using them. They can only be released voluntarily by the process itself.
- Circular Wait: There must be a circular chain of two or more processes, where each process is waiting for a resource held by the next process in the chain.