Final answer:
The Safavid and Qajar dynasties in Iran had a notable influence, including introducing Shi'ism as the state religion and fostering divisions between Shi'ism and Sunnism. They also developed a strong military and centralized state, promoting the flourishing of arts and intellectual culture.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Safavid and Qajar dynasties had a significant influence on Iran during their rule. The Safavid Empire, established in the early 16th century, introduced Shi'ism as the state religion and fostered a division between Shi'ism and Sunnism that still exists today. They also developed a strong military and centralized state, which allowed for a flourishing of arts and intellectual culture. The Qajar dynasty, which followed the Safavids, continued to reinforce Shi'ism as the state religion and faced challenges from foreign powers such as Russia.