Final answer:
Environmental science is the applied science concentrating on the environmental impacts of human activities, integrating interdisciplinary studies like environmental sociology, toxicology, and ethics.
Step-by-step explanation:
The applied science that focuses on the environmental effects of human activities is called environmental science. This interdisciplinary field studies the interactions of living and non-living components of the environment, specifically concerning how human actions alter these relationships. Environmental science addresses a range of topics, from environmental sociology which explores the complex dynamics between societies and their surrounding environments, to environmental ethics, considering the moral basis of our interactions with the natural world.
Environmental science also incorporates aspects of environmental toxicology, examining the health impacts of toxic chemicals found in various environments, and human ecology, looking at functional relationships between people and their built and natural environments. As issues such as extreme weather and climate change become more prevalent, the importance of environmental science continues to grow, informing policy battles and fostering a deeper understanding of our planet's carrying capacity and the concept of environmental racism.