Final answer:
Antibody levels to hepatitis can vary, but when screening for hepatitis C, confirmatory RNA testing is needed to avoid false positives. Treatment options include medications like interferon and antivirals, immunoglobulins, and potentially a liver transplant, while vaccination and protective practices in healthcare settings help prevent transmission.
Step-by-step explanation:
Antibody levels to hepatitis indicate the body's immune response to the infection. There is no specific threshold mentioned as to how low antibodies can fall, but in hepatitis C infections, the presence of antibodies is a sign of exposure or active infection. When suspected cases of hepatitis C are identified through antibody screening, a confirmatory test is required, such as testing for the presence of viral RNA, to avoid false positives. For patients with confirmed hepatitis, medications such as interferon, antivirals, and immunoglobulins are used, depending on the type of hepatitis and its severity. In some chronic cases, liver transplants may be considered. Preventative measures include vaccination against hepatitis A and B, which also provide some protection against HEV and HDV, respectively. For healthcare workers, using protective gear, practicing good hygiene, and adhering to post-exposure protocols significantly reduce the risk of transmission.