Final answer:
Arrhythmia (E) is not a common cause of cardiac arrest specifically in perioperative settings, although it can cause cardiac arrest in general. Other causes listed are associated with surgical complications and anesthesia.
Step-by-step explanation:
The common cause of cardiac arrest that is NOT typically associated with perioperative settings from the list provided is E) Arrhythmia. While arrhythmias can cause cardiac arrest and can occur perioperatively, they are not frequently associated with the specific stresses and complications of surgical settings and anesthesia.
Other options are indeed common perioperative triggers. Malignant hyperthermia (A) is a rare and life-threatening condition triggered by certain anesthetic agents resulting in a rapid rise in body temperature and severe muscle contractions. Massive hemorrhage (B) can result from surgical complications and can lead to cardiac arrest due to profound blood loss. Anaphylaxis (C) is a severe allergic reaction that can occur to medications or substances used during surgery. A failed or difficult airway (D) can lead to hypoxia and cardiac arrest if not promptly managed. Arrhythmia is more commonly associated with other conditions, such as myocardial infarction (heart attack) or electrolyte imbalances.