Final answer:
Revolutionaries advocated for reform and equality, establishing republican governments in place of monarchist regimes and promoting the welfare of the poor and marginalized. Influenced by Enlightenment ideals, these movements contributed to the spread of democratic principles and social change during significant historical revolutions in America, France, Haiti, and across Europe in 1848.
Step-by-step explanation:
Revolutionaries pushed for reform and equality. They set up republican governments to replace monarchist ones and organized systems to help the poor, disenfranchised, and oppressed. During pivotal historical moments like the revolutions in the United States, France, Haiti, and the 1848 revolutions across Europe, revolutionary movements combined liberal, socialist, and nationalist ideologies to dismantle the old conservative order and introduce more democratic, equal, and national systems.
In striving to achieve these goals, revolutionaries issued declarations (such as the "Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen" and "All men are created equal"), fought for the introduction of the eight-hour working day, redistributed land, and sought universal suffrage regardless of sex, nationality, or religion. These ideas were fueled by Enlightenment thinkers and further radicalized by successive revolutions and the formation of political parties like the Jacobins.
Through societal upheaval and war, these revolutionary movements aimed to create a new order that would better represent the emerging ideologies and meet the needs of the population affected by the immense changes, including the Industrial Revolution and increasing popular sovereignty.