Final answer:
Knowledge of metaphysical truths can be acquired through philosophical inquiry, balancing rational intuition, common sense, and empirical evidence. Philosophers often debate the certainty and source of this knowledge, with approaches that may integrate or contrast rationalism and empiricism.
Step-by-step explanation:
The acquisition of knowledge, particularly with respect to metaphysical truths, is a significant topic in philosophy. When philosophers today refer to intuition, they trace the concept back to the likes of Plato and Descartes, distinguishing sharply between what many might consider a gut feeling and the clear and distinct understanding that leaves no room for doubt.
This conception is most evident in mathematics, where equations such as 2 + 2 = 4 appear unquestionably true. Immanuel Kant proposed that humans can never know things as they truly are in themselves, due to the mind's inherent structuring and categorization of experiences.
Kant's theory is a blend of rationalism and empiricism, implying that while experience shapes knowledge, there are also innate elements understood through reason alone. This suggests that rational intuition plays a role in grasping some metaphysical truths.
In exploring metaphysical truths, 'pure' metaphysical knowledge, acquired through rational thought, must be distinguished from intuitive insights which may appear self-evident but are subject to individual belief and perspective.
This knowledge is often contrasted with practical applied metaphysics, which seeks to use philosophical insight in real-world contexts. The complexity of metaphysical knowledge requires a balanced approach, integrating common sense, careful philosophical inquiry, and recognition of empirical evidence.