Final answer:
Pharming attacks use techniques such as exploiting DHCP servers, changing hosts files, and intercepting unencrypted Wi-Fi transmissions to redirect web traffic to malicious sites.
Step-by-step explanation:
In a pharming attack, hackers use several techniques to redirect legitimate web traffic to malicious websites. One of the techniques used is exploiting DHCP servers to deliver the IP address of poisoned DNS servers, which can then redirect users to malicious sites. Another technique is changing the hosts file of a user's computer, manipulating the system's DNS settings to redirect traffic. Intercepting unencrypted data transmissions over public Wi-Fi networks is also a method used in pharming attacks to redirect users to malicious websites.