Final answer:
The revolution caused a crisis of dual authority by replacing traditional monarchical and aristocratic power with new democratic systems, creating conflicts during transitional periods. Countries like France, the United States, and Haiti experienced this crisis differently, resulting in varying outcomes of governance and societal order.
Step-by-step explanation:
The revolution caused a crisis of dual authority during the period where revolutionary fervor led to the toppling of traditional power structures and the creation of new political systems. In France, after the success of the American Revolution, critics of absolute monarchical power incited significant changes amidst an economic crisis, further complicating matters of governance. Similarly, in places like the new United States and Haiti, the creation of republican governments and revolutionary wars challenged existing societal norms and introduced a dual authority conflict between old hierarchical structures and emerging democratic ideals.
Democratic rights and equality became central themes during these revolutions, reshaping the political landscape. The American Revolution provided a paradoxical model of political liberty alongside slavery, while the French Revolution saw political factionalism amidst economic crises. The Haitian Revolution represented the most radical change by ending slavery and establishing Haiti as a nation, yet faced severe economic hardships due to imposed debts by France.
The resulting nationalistic revolutions not only gave birth to new regimes but also ingrained a sense of belonging to a nation, often at the cost of the old order. Whether these nations held onto some vestige of the past order, like Great Britain with its continued monarchy, or entirely reinvented their political system like in France and Haiti, they embodied the dramatic change revolution can bring about, including the resulting power struggles and crises of authority.