Final answer:
Lawrence Kohlberg developed a theory of moral development that includes three main levels: preconventional, conventional, and postconventional, with each level consisting of two stages, totaling six stages. This theory helps to understand how individuals form concepts of right and wrong throughout different stages of their lives.
Step-by-step explanation:
The theory that presents the consideration of right versus wrong in the framework of moral development was developed by Lawrence Kohlberg. This theory is founded on the idea that moral reasoning, which is the basis for ethical behavior, has six identifiable developmental stages, grouped into three main levels: preconventional, conventional, and postconventional. These levels of moral development each encompass two branching stages, making a total of six stages according to Kohlberg's model.
During the preconventional level, typically found in young children, morality is understood in terms of consequences and personal gains. The conventional level, often associated with adolescence, is where individuals begin to internalize societal norms and understand the importance of following rules and maintaining social order. Finally, the postconventional level, which some adults may not reach, is characterized by an understanding of moral principles that transcends individual societies and is grounded on individual rights and universal ethical principles.
Kohlberg's theory has played a significant role in understanding how moral understanding develops over time, although it should be noted that his work has sparked debates and additional research, such as by Carol Gilligan who proposed that there may be gender differences in moral development.