Final answer:
Suding et al.'s principles for planning restoration emphasize the integration of resilience and sustainability in ecosystems, long-term strategic planning, the concept of reconciliation ecology, and methods to effectively restore ecological functionality.
Step-by-step explanation:
Suding et al. (2015) suggest four principles for planning restoration to ensure sustainability and resilience for the future. While the specific principles are not detailed in the provided question context, common principles within ecological restoration might include recognizing the complexity and variability of ecosystems, planning restoration efforts with a long-term perspective to ensure sustained conservation values, designing restorations that integrate human land uses with biodiversity conservation (often termed 'reconciliation ecology' or 'countryside biogeography'), and employing effective methods to return degraded habitats to their previous ecological functionality. These principles emphasize the need for thorough strategic planning, a recognition of the dynamic nature of ecosystems, and the integration of human needs with conservation goals.
Restoration ecology prioritizes the restoration of ecosystems that have suffered degradation or destruction. It aims to rebuild the structure and function of an ecosystem to a state as similar as possible to its natural, pre-disturbance state, or to a new state with the capacity to sustain both ecological integrity and human use. This field acknowledges that restoration is often more challenging and expensive than preserving biodiversity before impacts occur, hence the need for careful planning and targeted actions that take into account the current global challenges such as habitat loss, climate change, and human land use needs.