Final answer:
India manages a complex balance between urban development and democratic political stability amid socio-economic disparities. The country's transition to privatization and globalized markets has come with both productivity gains and challenges. Large infrastructure projects reflect the intricate dance between progress and the need to address political interests and social issues.
Step-by-step explanation:
As India continues to modernize and expand its infrastructure, managing the divide between urban development and political stability remains a challenge. The country's economic history includes a transition from a mixed-economy strategy to embracing economic liberalization and privatization, which increased productivity but also confronted citizens with higher costs and service access issues. The disparity between the wealthy urban elites and the impoverished rural population is marked by migrants seeking employment in overcrowded cities, leading to sprawling slums and rising poverty levels juxtaposed against technological advancement and financial growth in urban centers.
India's dedication to democratic processes, despite ethnic and political tensions, has allowed for peaceful transitions of power, though this political system also introduces complexities when planning and developing large-scale projects, such as the Bangalore airport. With an increase in public-private partnerships and globalization, Indian cities like Mumbai and Bangalore are thriving financially but grapple with issues such as infrastructure strain, environmental concerns, and socio-economic inequality.