Final answer:
The federalism structure in the response to Hurricane Katrina demonstrated a need for better delineated roles and improved coordination between local, state, and federal governments.
Step-by-step explanation:
Emergency planning and response for disasters like Hurricane Katrina reflect the structure of federalism because they require a coordinated effort across multiple levels of government: local, state, and federal. In the case of Katrina, there was a breakdown of this coordinated effort which led to a delayed and ineffective response. This disaster highlighted the need for clear communication and predefined roles between the different government levels, adherence to a culture of preparedness, and improved command structures within the concept of federalism. The fragmentation of responsibilities, particularly in emergencies, showcases the challenges of federalism when unity and swift action are required.
Recommendations for improvement in the context of federalism include improving the delineation of responsibility between federal and state levels and ensuring that leadership roles are filled by individuals with expertise in emergency management. Additionally, enhancing coordination through joint exercises and stressing the importance of pre-disaster collaboration can better prepare all levels of government for future emergencies.