Final answer:
The question pertains to Alvin Gouldner's value-laden beliefs but the reference text does not mention Gouldner and instead discusses value-added theory by Neil Smelser, along with other theorists' views on individual freedom, environmentalism, and equality.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question "What does Gouldner say?" in regards to value-laden personal beliefs does not directly correlate with the reference texts provided, as they do not mention Gouldner. Instead, they discuss the value-added theory by Neil Smelser, as well as opinions from other sociological and political thinkers like John Rawls, Mill, and Dworkin with regards to individual freedom, environmentalism, and equality. These topics involve the consideration of values and the impact of personal beliefs on political ideology and multiculturalism, echoing what may be associated with the term 'value-laden.' However, without a specific context or direct quote from Gouldner, addressing the student's request requires speculation about Alvin Gouldner's concepts, which isn't supported by the reference texts provided here. We can however discuss the relevance of personal values in social theory and collective behavior mentioned in Neil Smelser's value-added theory, which aligns with the functionalist tradition. Smelser's theory suggests that collective behavior happens under certain conditions such as structural conduciveness and strain, along with the spread of generalized beliefs. This approach can be deemed value-laden as it incorporates societal norms and values into the understanding of collective actions.