Final answer:
Current public policy issues in Russia include economic sanctions, political and civil liberty restrictions, territorial integrity, and environmental challenges. These issues demonstrate a mix of fragmentation in regional governance and efforts towards globalization and integration with international markets and environmental policies.
Step-by-step explanation:
Major public policy issues in Russia today include a diverse range of socioeconomic, political, and environmental challenges. Significant issues encompass economic sanctions, political dissent and restrictions on civil liberties, territorial integrity concerns, and the integration with global markets amid geopolitical tensions. Economic sanctions imposed by Western countries have had a profound impact on Russia's economy, leading to a push for more self-sufficiency and import substitution industrialization as a form of resistance against globalization.
Environmental challenges are also a pressing concern for Russia, with issues such as pollution, deforestation, and the impact of climate change on its vast territories. The management of such issues reflects a blend of fragmentation, as regional authorities may struggle with federal directives, and integration, as the country must often cooperate with international organizations and agreements to tackle these global challenges.
Additionally, Russia's foreign policies and internal governance have been characterized by centralization of power, which has influenced the nation's approach to globalization. While these policies aim to protect national sovereignty, they can also result in increased isolation, demonstrating a complex interplay between the forces of fragmentation and globalization.