Final answer:
Acute delirium in elderly patients like the given case of the 81-year-old with Alzheimer's should be addressed by treating underlying causes such as infection, ensuring a safe environment, and employing both non-pharmacological and cautious pharmacological interventions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to the management of acute delirium in an elderly patient, specifically an 81-year-old with early onset Alzheimer's, who has developed a fever after moving to a nursing home. Acute delirium, particularly in the elderly, can be triggered by various factors, including infections like cystitis, medication side effects, metabolic disturbances, or exacerbation of underlying conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. It's critical to first address any underlying causes such as infection, while also ensuring a safe environment for the patient to prevent harm.
Treatment should involve both non-pharmacological approaches such as orienting the patient to time and place, providing adequate lighting during the day, and minimizing noise, as well as pharmacological interventions if necessary. However, medication should be used cautiously, considering potential side effects and the patient's overall health status. Involving a multidisciplinary team including doctors, nurses, and possibly a geriatric psychiatrist can help tailor the best treatment plan for the individual patient.