Final answer:
Plant cells organize their metabolism by using peroxisomes, which are membrane-bound vesicles that contain enzymes for oxidation reactions, breaking down fatty acids and amino acids, and detoxifying harmful substances.
Step-by-step explanation:
One of the principal ways in which plant cells organize their metabolism is by enclosing specialized enzymes in small membrane-bound vesicles called peroxisomes. Peroxisomes are an example of these vesicles that play a crucial role in various cellular processes, including the breakdown of fatty acids, amino acid metabolism, and detoxification of harmful substances. Peroxisomes contain enzymes that transfer hydrogen from substrates to oxygen, producing hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Peroxisomes ensure that this byproduct is contained and converted safely into water and oxygen to prevent cellular damage. In plants, glyoxysomes, which are specialized peroxisomes, are involved in converting stored fats into sugars, an important process during seed germination.