Question

Which of the following are causes of pre AKI? (Select all that apply)

Option 1: Dehydration
Option 2: Hypertension
Option 3: Infection
Option 4: Genetic factors

Answer 1

The correct answer is :

Option 1: Dehydration

Option 2: Hypertension

Option 3: Infection

Step-by-step explanation:

Pre-Acute Kidney Injury (pre-AKI) refers to conditions or factors that can predispose an individual to the development of AKI (Acute Kidney Injury). Dehydration, marked by insufficient fluid intake or excessive fluid loss, can significantly impact kidney function, reducing blood flow to the kidneys and potentially leading to AKI. Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a known risk factor for kidney damage as it can strain the blood vessels in the kidneys over time, affecting their ability to filter waste and fluids properly. Infections, particularly severe ones like sepsis, can cause complications that affect kidney function, contributing to the onset of AKI.

However, genetic factors alone may not directly cause pre-AKI but could predispose certain individuals to conditions or susceptibilities that increase the risk of kidney injury, making them more vulnerable to factors like dehydration, hypertension, or infections that contribute to pre-AKI. Understanding these pre-existing conditions and risk factors is crucial in preventing or managing the development of AKI.

Answer 2

Dehydration is a direct pre-renal cause of AKI due to its effect on reducing blood volume and pressure, which can lead to inadequate blood flow to the kidneys (option 1) Hypertension, infection, and genetic factors are not direct pre-renal causes of AKI.

Step-by-step explanation:

Among the causes of pre AKI (Acute Kidney Injury), dehydration stands out as a pre-renal cause. Dehydration can lead to reduced blood volume and pressure, which in turn can cause circulatory failure, a state that can precipitate pre-renal AKI as the kidneys receive inadequate blood flow. While hypertension may be associated with kidney issues, it is not a direct pre-renal cause of AKI. Infections can lead to acute kidney injury, but the specifics would determine if it is pre, intrinsic, or post-renal in nature. Lastly, while genetic factors can predispose an individual to kidney diseases, they are not a direct cause of pre-renal AKI.

Hence, the answer is option 1.