Final answer:
Students are instructed to summarize the provided extract and offer a critical analysis of the research methodology, as well as to present and critically analyze their findings.
Step-by-step explanation:
The primary instruction given to the students in the formative assessment section based on the provided text is D) Summarize the extract and provide a critical analysis of the research methodology. Students are expected to carefully read the work they will analyze, formulate a question identifying a problem or tension, and then analyze the subject of their reading. This includes marking the text for points of agreement and disagreement, looking for convincing examples that support claims, and considering the implications of the author's arguments. Finally, students should present and critically analyze their findings, using shared perspectives to broaden their understanding and clarify the text's purpose.