Final answer:
Globalization has occurred due to improvements in shipping and air cargo, advancements in computing and telecommunications, and international agreements and treaties.
Step-by-step explanation:
Globalization has occurred for a number of reasons. Improvements in shipping and air cargo have driven down transportation costs. Innovations in computing and telecommunications have made it easier and cheaper to manage long-distance economic connections of production and sales. Finally, international agreements and treaties between countries have encouraged greater trade.