Final answer:
The geography of Egypt, characterized by a barren desert except for the lush Nile River Valley and Delta, makes farming difficult outside the areas surrounding the Nile due to lack of water, poor soil, and high soil salinization.
Step-by-step explanation:
Most farms in Egypt are located along the Nile River due to the unique geographical features of the country. The majority of Egypt's terrain is composed of rugged, barren desert, which is not suitable for farming due to the lack of water and poor soil conditions. In contrast, the Nile River Valley and Delta are rich in nutrient-rich soil that is replenished by the predictable flooding of the Nile, making this area very fertile and ideal for agriculture. Besides these regions, the rest of Egypt faces high salinization in the soil and the consequent reduction in agricultural productivity, which is a growing concern for the country's food supply and economic stability.