Final answer:
When a six-year-old is sounding out a word and retrieving it from their long-term memory, they are using phonological processing.
Step-by-step explanation:
When six-year-old Jordan is sounding out a word, translating it from print to speech, and retrieving it from his long-term memory, he is using phonological processing. Phonological processing is the ability to manipulate sounds in spoken language. Jordan is using his knowledge of phonemes and phonics to decode and pronounce words.