Final answer:
When designing a new system, factors such as functionality, usability, performance, reliability, maintainability, safety, cost, aesthetics, and environmental impact are considered. Poor design can lead to various negative consequences. Improvement requires identifying flaws and redesigning to address specific issues.
Step-by-step explanation:
When creating design specifications for a new system, several factors need to be considered to ensure the design meets all necessary requirements and constraints. Here are nine factors commonly considered:
The design must serve the intended purpose effectively. For example, a calculator must perform mathematical operations, and a refrigerator must keep food items cold.
The system should be user-friendly. For instance, a smartphone should have a responsive touch screen, and software applications should have intuitive interfaces.
The system must meet certain performance criteria. An example includes the processing speed of a computer or the fuel efficiency of a vehicle.
Ensuring the system functions under stipulated conditions for a defined period. Examples include a watch that keeps accurate time and a server that has high uptime.
The ease with which maintenance can be performed. For instance, modular parts in machinery allow for easier replacement, and software with clear documentation is simpler to update.
The design must not pose any harm to users. For example, electrical appliances should have proper grounding, and toys should not contain small parts that could be a choking hazard for children.
The overall expense of the system, including initial costs and ongoing operating expenses. Examples include the budget for constructing a building or the cost of running a data center.
The appearance of the system is also an important factor. For example, the sleek design of modern smartphones or the architectural style of a house.
Sustainability and environmental considerations in the design. For example, cars with low emissions or buildings designed with green materials.
A poor design can lead to ineffective or unsafe products, decreased user satisfaction, and increased costs. To improve such a design, one must first understand the specific issues caused by the design flaw and then address them directly.
If, for example, users found a mobile app confusing because of a poorly designed interface, the app could benefit from a user experience (UX) redesign focused on simplicity and clarity.