Final answer:
All organisms require inorganic nutrients to survive and grow, including essential elements such as carbon and hydrogen, as well as water and simple salts. While oxygen is important for cellular respiration in many organisms, some do not require oxygen and are known as anaerobes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The true statement for all organisms is that they require inorganic nutrients. Inorganic nutrients, which include water, simple salts, and gases, are essential for all living organisms. For instance, all cells require macronutrients such as carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur, as well as micronutrients which include various metallic elements for growth and enzyme function.
While oxygen is necessary for the process of cellular respiration which most organisms perform, not all organisms require oxygen gas because some may be anaerobes. Anaerobes can use substances other than oxygen as final electron acceptors in the electron transport chain. Moreover, while all organisms require energy to carry out life processes, they acquire this energy in different ways. Photosynthetic organisms, like plants, capture energy directly from sunlight, whereas heterotrophs obtain energy by consuming organic materials that contain stored energy.
Therefore, while not all organisms need organic nutrients or oxygen gas, and not all require specific growth factors, all organisms do require inorganic nutrients to support their survival and growth.