Final Answer:
1. a. True The statement "Symbolic conflict erupts when teams compete over scarce resources" is true.
2. a. True The statement "Intergroup conflict is often based on biases such as stereotyping" is true.
3. a. True The statement "Ingroup bias relates to the feeling that 'we are better than them'" is true.
4. b. False The statement "Superordinate goals increase intergroup conflict" is false.
Step-by-step explanation:
1. Symbolic Conflict and Scarce Resources:
Symbolic conflict occurs when teams or groups vie for limited resources, leading to tension and competition. Scarce resources intensify intergroup conflict as teams may perceive the competition as a threat to their well-being or success.
2. Intergroup Conflict and Biases:
Intergroup conflicts frequently arise from biases, including stereotyping, as groups may develop negative perceptions of each other. These biases contribute to misunderstandings and hostilities, fueling the conflict between the groups.
3. Ingroup Bias and Superiority:
Ingroup bias involves favoring one's own group and perceiving it as superior. This bias can heighten intergroup tensions by fostering a sense of superiority among team members, creating a divisive mindset.
4. Superordinate Goals and Intergroup Conflict:
Superordinate goals, which require collaboration between groups to achieve a common objective, actually decrease intergroup conflict. By promoting cooperation and shared objectives, superordinate goals can mitigate conflicts arising from competition over resources, fostering a more harmonious intergroup dynamic.