Final answer:
In the first century CE, different groups in Jewish society had different beliefs. The Sadducees believed only the priests needed to follow all the laws, while the Pharisees insisted all Jews should follow them. The Essenes emphasized asceticism and the Zealots advocated for armed rebellion against the Romans.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the first century CE, there were different groups in Jewish society. One group was the Sadducees, who believed that only the priests of the Temple needed to follow the laws laid down by Moses. They were challenged by the Pharisees, who insisted that all Jews had to follow all the laws. They also preached about a future messiah. Additionally, there were the Essenes, who emphasized asceticism and mysticism, and the Zealots, who advocated for armed rebellion against the Romans.