Final answer:
All the options provided concerning the capabilities of DNA profiling are possible. DNA profiling can be used in forensic contexts to establish an individual's presence at a crime scene, for paternity testing, and for identifying disaster victims using genetic matches.
Step-by-step explanation:
Which of the following is not possible using DNA profiling?
All of the options listed, including confirming guilt of an individual, identifying victims of mass disasters, establishing probability of paternity, and connecting an individual to a biological sample, are indeed possible with DNA profiling. DNA profiling, or genetic fingerprinting, involves analyzing the sequence of nucleotides in specific regions of DNA unique to each individual. This technique can be used to identify individuals based on their unique DNA sequences, whether it's in a forensic context, such as linking a suspect to a crime scene, or in a personal context, such as determining paternity.
For instance, to establish paternity, DNA profiling compares a child's DNA with that of the alleged father to see if there is a match. In cases of crime-solving, DNA found at the scene is matched to the DNA of a suspect to confirm their presence at the scene. Furthermore, DNA can be used to identify victims of disasters by comparing their DNA to that of their relatives.
According to the Innocence Project, DNA evidence has also been critical in exonerating individuals who have been wrongfully convicted, underscoring the power and reliability of DNA profiling in the criminal justice system.