Final answer:
Witnessing family conflict and experiencing divorce is associated with an increase in externalizing problems among both boys and girls. The correct answer is D. externalizing; both boys and girls.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is D. externalizing; both boys and girls. Witnessing family conflict and experiencing divorce are associated with an increase in externalizing problems among both boys and girls. Externalizing problems refer to behaviors such as aggression, defiance, and noncompliance.
Research has shown that children who witness a high level of family conflict as well as experience divorce are more likely to exhibit externalizing problems. The proximity to parents also plays a role in a child's well-being after divorce, with boys who have joint arrangements with their fathers showing less aggression, and girls who have joint arrangements with their mothers tending to be more responsible and mature.