Final answer:
A pattern of behavior that contributes to many environmental problems is called a social dilemma. It is a collective action problem where personal actions have a negative impact on the environment. The correct option is option (d).
Step-by-step explanation:
The pattern of behavior that contributes to many environmental problems is called social dilemma. A social dilemma is a situation where individuals act in their own self-interest, but this ultimately leads to negative outcomes for everyone involved. It is a collective action problem where personal actions have a negative impact on the environment.
For example, the tragedy of the commons is a type of social dilemma where individuals exploit a shared resource, like a common pasture or fishery, leading to its depletion. This can happen when each person wants to take as much of the resource as possible for themselves, without considering the long-term consequences for the resource and the environment.
To address social dilemmas and prevent environmental problems, it is important for individuals to recognize the impact of their actions and make choices that prioritize the long-term sustainability of the environment.