Final answer:
The procedure of trade union registration varies by country, such as the secret ballot in the U.S. Wages can be fixed through collective bargaining, individual negotiations, and other methods. Declining union membership can be attributed to economic shifts and globalization.
Step-by-step explanation:
Procedure of Registration of Trade Union
The procedure for forming a union can vary by country. In the United States, workers announce their intention to form a union and set a date for a secret ballot election. Union supporters campaign for a 'yes' vote, while management may try to persuade workers to vote 'no.' Registration of a trade union may be cancelled if the union violates certain laws or rules laid out in its governance documents or in national labor regulations.
Methods of Fixing Wages and Salaries
Wages and salaries in an enterprise can be fixed through various methods, including collective bargaining, individual negotiations, and wage boards. Market forces, such as supply and demand, also play a significant role. Legislation and government regulations can set minimum wages, ensuring a basic standard of living for employees.
Reasons for Declining Union Membership
Several reasons contribute to the decline in U.S. union membership, including increased globalization, changes in labor laws, and shifts in the economy from manufacturing to service sectors.
Gender Wage Gap
Women often earn less than men in the same industry due to factors such as discrimination, occupational segregation, and differences in work experience or interruptions in career paths.