Question

Sonia grew up in a low-income community where the schools she attended were underfunded. The schools were also quick to punish and had close ties with local police. There were also high levels of policing in her neighborhood. Moreover, her community was a food, transit, green, and health- care desert. This scenario is an example of

O cross-institutional advantage.
O intergenerational disadvantage.
O intergenerational advantage.
O cross-institutional disadvantage.

Answer 1

The situation described exemplifies cross-institutional disadvantage, indicative of systemic issues like social disorganization and environmental racism faced in Sonia's underfunded and heavily policed community.

Step-by-step explanation:

The scenario described is an example of cross-institutional disadvantage. This concept refers to the multiple systemic barriers and challenges present in underprivileged communities, influencing various facets of life from education to healthcare. The schools in Sonia's community being underfunded, the high levels of policing, and the lack of essential resources such as fresh food, reliable transportation, accessible green spaces, and adequate healthcare all contribute to a network of disadvantages.

These conditions align with the theory of social disorganization, which suggests that poor neighborhoods with weak social structures are more likely to experience higher rates of crime and social problems. Furthermore, the narrative touches on concepts such as environmental racism and the challenges faced when attempting to mobilize and empower impoverished communities.