Final answer:
An organizational impact analysis is the document to prepare when describing how a new enterprise system will affect a firm's structure and operations. It outlines workflow changes, role modifications, and the integration of new information technologies. Therefore, the correct option is D.
Step-by-step explanation:
To describe how the new enterprise system will affect a firm's structure and operations, the most appropriate document to prepare is an organizational impact analysis. This analysis goes in depth about the changes that will occur within the company's organizational structure, such as workflow alterations, the introduction of new roles, and the consolidation or elimination of existing roles. The document will detail how the work done by the system, such as automated billing and accounting processes, will replace or change the work done on the system by employees. Additionally, it will outline how internal processes will be integrated with the new technology.
As part of this analysis, considerations must be made for the design and implementation efforts required. For instance, when a product is manufactured, not only should the design process be outlined, but also the development of manufacturing systems, procurement of necessary components, and identification of a sales and marketing team. In a similar vein, transitioning to this automated system may require selecting software vendors, setting up IT infrastructures, and establishing support teams.
Understanding the impact of new information technologies is essential for this analysis, which includes adaptations to innovations like the Internet, Global Positioning Systems (GPS), or Geographic Information Systems (GIS) that might integrate with the new enterprise system.