Final answer:
Globalization refers to the integration of world economies and cultures, facilitated by advances in transportation and telecommunications, leading to an interconnected global society. It has significant impacts on trade, labor, technology, and culture. The correct term for the changes due to increased international exchange is globalisation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cultural and economic changes resulting from dramatically increased international trade and exchange in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries are known as globalisation.
This process leads to the integration of economies, cultures, and governments around the world. Advances in transportation and telecommunications, such as the Internet, have further propelled globalization, enabling trade, investment, migration, and knowledge dissemination on a global scale. The result is a world that is more interconnected than ever before, with profound impacts on labor divisions, climate change, and cultural exchanges. One illustrative example is how international trade and technology have altered industries, as seen with the digitalization of music and movies.
Globalization is characterised by several key factors: the expansion of global trade, international division of labor, the interdependence of global economies, and the rise of multinational corporations. Economic and cultural activities across borders are much more interlinked now, challenging traditional notions of sovereignty and national economies. Art, technology, and environment have all been transformed in the context of a globalized world, wherein national boundaries are less of a barrier to the exchange of goods, services, and ideas.
To summarize the sentiments and give a conclusive answer, the correct option for the described changes resulting from increased international trade and exchange is d. globalisation.