Final answer:
One factor that is often linked to positive functioning and adjustment is optimism , or looking on the bright side and having positive expectations for the future. Self-efficacy represents individuals' beliefs in their own capabilities, which is crucial for motivation and taking on challenges. Self-regulation involves willpower or an internal locus of control, highlighting personal control over outcomes. The correct answer is option: b) optimism.
Step-by-step explanation:
The factor often linked to positive functioning and adjustment, which involves looking on the bright side and having positive expectations for the future, is optimism. This concept is discussed extensively in positive psychology, where it is associated with a variety of beneficial outcomes in both mental and physical health. Optimism is characterized by an optimistic explanatory style which influences how individuals interpret past events and anticipate future ones. People with high levels of optimism are more likely to experience better health, more success, and greater overall satisfaction.
Your level of confidence in your own abilities is known as self-efficacy. This concept was developed by Albert Bandura and plays a critical role in how we motivate ourselves; believing in our capabilities can lead to taking on more challenges and persisting in the face of obstacles. On the other hand, concepts like self-concept and self-esteem are related to our overall thoughts and feelings about ourselves, which also contribute to how we face life's challenges.
Self-regulation, or the ability to manage one's behavior and goals, can be thought of as willpower or an internal locus of control. It's the belief that we have personal control over our outcomes, in contrast to an external locus of control, which is the belief that our outcomes are controlled by external forces.