Final answer:
The principles of scientific management suggest improving productivity by finding the best methods for performing each job using time-motion studies and then teaching those methods to workers, as set forth by Frederick Winslow Taylor's Taylorism. So, the correct option is O use time-motion studies to find the best method of doing each job, then teach those methods to workers.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to the principles of scientific management, the best way to improve productivity is to use time-motion studies to find the best method of doing each job, and then teach those methods to workers. Frederick Winslow Taylor was a pioneer in the field of management and his methods, often known as Taylorism, sought to maximize productivity and efficiency in the workplace. Through time-motion studies, Taylor analyzed work processes and movements to eliminate unnecessary actions and standardize the most effective methods. This approach was not only about improving the work itself but also aimed at benefitting both the company and the employees through increased wages resulting from better efficiency.
Scientific management targeted the improvement of labor productivity and economic efficiency as a priority. While this approach led to significant advancements in the way work was organized, it also had drawbacks. Workers sometimes felt dehumanized and under excessive control as their roles became highly repetitive and their autonomy was reduced. Despite opposition from some employees, Taylorism had a profound impact on the organizational structure and is still referenced in discussions of management practices today.