Final answer:
Option (D). The Social Exchange Theory describes how individuals seek balance in relationships by ensuring the ratio of benefits to costs is relatively equal to their partner's, which influences relationship satisfaction and maintenance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The theory that claims you develop and maintain relationships in which the ratio of your rewards relative to the costs is approximately equal to your partner's is the Social Exchange Theory. This theory positions individuals as 'naïve economists' who measure the costs and benefits of relationships, striving to maximize the rewards while minimizing the costs. In essence, satisfaction in a relationship is assessed by the balance of what is gained against what is lost, and a relationship is more likely to be maintained if the benefits outweigh the costs.
According to the Social Exchange Theory, a person evaluates a relationship by tallying these costs and benefits, seeking a balance or relationship equity similar to their partner's. If the benefits, such as companionship, intimacy, and passion, are lower than the associated costs, like boredom or financial expenditure, the individual may become dissatisfied and reassess the relationship's value.