Final answer:
The statement that only Sub-Saharan African genomes lack Neandertal DNA is false, as there is a small presence of Neandertal DNA due to back migration, and the interbreeding between early modern humans and Neandertals has introduced Neandertal DNA into modern human genomes globally.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that the only modern human genome that lacks Neandertal DNA is Sub-Saharan African genomes is false. While it is true that the frequency of Neandertal DNA is significantly lower in Sub-Saharan African populations, recent studies have shown that there is still a small percentage of Neandertal DNA present due to back migration of modern humans from Eurasia to Africa. The Human Genome Project, which sequenced about 99 percent of the human genome, alongside other genetic research, has shown that early humans who left Africa interbred with Neandertals before spreading across the globe. This interbreeding event introduced Neandertal DNA into the modern human genome, which can be found in varying degrees across different populations today.