Final answer:
The reasons behind controls being designed include supporting war efforts, securing economies, and maintaining order during crises. Such controls range from economic regulation to oversight of public administration and national security. Whether during world conflicts or public health emergencies, these measures reflect the balance between efficient crisis management and preserving individual or state autonomy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The design of controls by governments throughout history can be attributed to various reasons ranging from economic necessities to socio-political agendas. During World War I, the Wilson administration in the United States increased control over production and distribution of essential goods to support the war effort, including setting prices and rationing. The underlying motives were to ensure efficient use of resources, bolster the economy, and maintain national security. Similarly, in the British Empire, enhanced control over colonies was pursued to secure trade and manage challenges associated with frontier settlements.
In contemporary times, concerns over the autonomy of bureaucracies have led elected leaders to implement measures for overseeing public administration. With the advent of emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic, discussions on the balance of power between central and state governments surfaced, especially concerning public health measures. Control over personal privacy versus national security in the context of surveillance by agencies like the FBI and NSA also has been a hot topic. Whether in times of global conflict or during domestic challenges, the drive to design and implement control mechanisms often reflects the need to manage crises and protect the public welfare while weighing the trade-offs between autonomy and security.