Final answer:
Most debt is privately issued, pertaining to various debt instruments like bonds and loans created by private entities. This form of financing allows companies to raise funds without diluting shareholder ownership. Therefore, the correct option is A.
Step-by-step explanation:
Most debt is privately issued. This term refers to debt securities such as bonds, loans, and notes that are created and sold by private entities, including corporations, rather than by governments. When a company needs to raise capital, it can issue debt instruments to investors.
Unlike issuing stock, which pertains to equity and gives investors a share of ownership in a company, issuing debt does not dilute the ownership of existing shareholders. Instead, it creates an obligation for the company to pay back the borrowed funds with interest.
As for the options provided: "b. issued with stock" and "c. shares attached" relate to equity financing, and "d. issued through the" seems incomplete and therefore does not present a viable option.