Final answer:
Humanistic therapies, pioneered by Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers, emphasize self-awareness and personal growth as vital to psychological health. Rogers developed client-centered therapy, which relies on therapists providing unconditional positive regard, genuineness, and empathy. Health psychology's biopsychosocial model also highlights the interaction of various factors in personal health.
Step-by-step explanation:
The approaches that encourage self-awareness as the key to psychological health are commonly referred to as humanistic therapies. The founders of this approach, Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers, have greatly influenced psychological thought and therapy with their theories on self-actualization. They focused on the inherent growth potential of individuals and the concept of free will, with the understanding that everyone has the desire to become the best person they can be.
In contrast to other approaches such as psychodynamic theory, which looks into inner and sometimes hidden processes, or strictly behaviorist approaches which only consider observable actions, humanistic psychology emphasizes holistic well-being and personal growth.
Rogers, in particular, is known for developing client-centered therapy, which empowers the client to take a prominent role in their own healing process. Within this method, the therapist fosters an environment of unconditional positive regard, genuineness, and empathy. Similarly, health psychologists, utilizing the biopsychosocial model, focus on the complex interplay between biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors in health, underscoring the importance of behavioral and psychological factors in overall well-being. These humanistic and health psychology frameworks are essential in contemporary psychotherapy and health psychology practices.