Final answer:
The sequence number of the first TCP segment is 100310 with a byte range of 100310 to 150319. The sequence number of the second segment would be 150320, following the number range of the first segment's data.
Step-by-step explanation:
A TCP client-server connection's sequence numbers are used to order bytes of data sent across the network. If the initial sequence number is 100310, and the client sent 50010 bytes of data in the first segment, the sequence number of this segment would also be 100310. This is because the sequence number indicates the ordinal number of the first byte in the segment. The range of the transferred bytes for this segment would be 100310 to 100310 + 50010 - 1, which is 100310 to 150319.
The sequence number of the second segment sent by the client would be the next number after the last byte of the first segment, which would be 150320. This ensures that each byte is uniquely identifiable and can be reassembled by the receiver in the correct order.