Final answer:
Negotiation in social studies, particularly in political contexts, involves bargaining to resolve disagreements about resource allocation. In politics, if parties cannot agree, the status quo is maintained, but compromise is possible when they share common goals. Diplomacy is a key aspect of international relations, helping to mediate between different parties' interests.
Step-by-step explanation:
Negotiation can be defined as a process in which two or more parties exchange goods or services and attempt to agree upon the allocation of resources and terms of an agreement. Disagreements over resource allocation and values are fundamental to politics, where bargaining is used to resolve conflicts. The market analogy is applicable here, as in a market, each participant aims for an outcome that benefits themselves. Similarly, in politics, negotiations involve high-minded principles and often, a degree of shrewdness or even force.
In political bargaining, outcomes can vary. If there is an impasse where neither side is willing to concede, the status quo prevails. Alternatively, when parties agree on overall goals but differ on specifics, compromise is possible and often the avenue through which agreements are reached. For instance, if two countries have different targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, they might reach a middle ground as neither can unilaterally enforce their preference.
How politics resolve conflicts is importantly through bargaining and diplomacy. Diplomacy and Foreign Relations involve negotiations between representatives, often to address broad issues ranging from peace-making to environmental concerns. The World Trade Organization is one example of an international body that facilitates these diplomatic efforts by providing rules and a venue for trade negotiations between countries.