Final answer:
The conditions under which a baby is more likely to develop schizophrenia include birth complications that lead to oxygen deprivation, low birth weight, and potentially when the mother becomes diabetic during pregnancy or when there are incompatible blood types between mother and baby. These risks are compounded when there is genetic predisposition and a disturbed home environment.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the context of the integrative model of schizophrenia, certain conditions during pregnancy and birth are linked to an increased risk of a baby developing schizophrenia. Firstly, birth complications such as those that deprive the baby of oxygen can be a contributing factor. Research indicates that inadequate oxygen can lead to neural disturbances that may increase the risk of developing schizophrenia later in life. Secondly, a low birth weight is also considered a risk factor, as it might be related to developmental issues which could predispose the individual to schizophrenia. Thirdly, if the mother becomes diabetic during the pregnancy, this could result in complications that might contribute to the risk, although the evidence is less direct in this case compared to the first two factors. Lastly, incompatible blood types between the mother and the baby can lead to medical conditions like hemolytic disease of the newborn, which can similarly increase the risk of neurodevelopmental issues including schizophrenia.
These risk factors align with studies, such as a study by Cannon, Jones, and Murray, that have found a correlation between obstetric complications and an increased risk for schizophrenia. It is crucial to recognize that the development of schizophrenia is complex and involves both genetic predispositions and environmental influences, as seen in the study by Tienari and colleagues, which demonstrated a significant increase in schizophrenia in adoptees from disturbed home environments who also had a high genetic risk.