Final answer:
The concept of sovereignty prevents one country from imposing its laws on another, as it refers to a state's authority to govern itself. This is respected amongst nations due to the principle of equal sovereignty and the lack of an overarching global authority to enforce laws across borders.
Step-by-step explanation:
The concept that prevents the government of country 'One' from imposing its laws on the people in country 'Two' is called sovereignty. Sovereignty refers to the authority of a state to govern itself and make its own laws, free from the interference of other states. This is a fundamental principle in international relationships and law, which is underscored by the fact that states operate within an anarchical international system where there is no overarching global authority to enforce laws internationally. Instead, states maintain their sovereignty and expect it to be respected by others.
Respecting sovereignty is a norm that states should not meddle in each other's domestic affairs. However, the enforcement of this principle can be challenging due to the absence of a common global authority to ensure adherence. Each state is expected to uphold its own sovereignty while respecting that of others, leading to a balance of power that often prevents one country from imposing its laws onto another.